By the end of 2003, one thing was undeniable: technology was no longer optional.
Email, shared systems, and networked operations had become essential. Downtime wasn’t tolerated. Security incidents weren’t abstract. Expectations had changed.
Businesses that treated technology as a discipline were positioned to grow. Those that treated it as a utility faced increasing risk.
The year didn’t end with certainty — but it ended with clarity. Technology had become foundational, and responsibility had to rise with it.